Description: The plant is originally a forest plant and this climbing woody vine uses trees or other supports to grow to about twenty feet high, but is normally kept to about 12 feet for commercial purposes and has a lifespan of about twenty years.

Color & Consistency: Colorless to light-yellow, thin liquid.

Strength of Aroma: Medium.

Common Uses: A dry woody spice that aids all types of digestive ailments. Boosts endurance, increases circulation and tones muscles. The therapeutic properties of black pepper essential oil include the following: as an analgesic, antiemetic, aperitif, antimicrobial, antispasmodic, bactericide, expectorant, febrifuge, tonic & stimulant, intestinal, digestive, aphrodisiac, laxative, rubefacient, odontalgic, and is effective for chilblains, bruises, cuts, wounds, and dermatosis.

Note: Middle.

Blends well with: Basil, cypress, eucalyptus, frankincense, ginger, grapefruit, geranium, lavender, nutmeg, rose, ylang ylang.

Aromatic Scent: It is a spicy, sweet, warm, strong, sharp, crisp, fresh, peppercorn aroma.

History: The word pepper is derived from the Latin word piper, which in turn is taken from the Sanskrit word pippali. It has been used since the times of the Ancient Romans and Greeks, and even the Turks levied a tax on pepper, while the French, Portuguese and Dutch often went to war in the middle ages to fight for this lucrative trade from the far east.

Cautions: Black pepper oil may cause irritation to sensitive skin and using too much could over-stimulate the kidneys and should be avoided in pregnancy due to its possible skin-sensitizing effect.